Dass-243

The DASS-243 is based on the tripartite model of emotional disturbance, which posits that depression, anxiety, and stress are distinct but related constructs. This model suggests that each of these conditions has unique characteristics and symptoms, but they can also co-occur and share common underlying factors. The DASS-243 was designed to capture the nuances of these interrelated constructs and provide a comprehensive assessment of an individual's mental health.

to make the results comparable to the original DASS-42 norms. University of Bristol Severity Level Depression (D) Anxiety (A) Stress (S) Extremely Severe DASS-243

Key original source: Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. (Plus many validation papers across populations.) The DASS-243 is based on the tripartite model