Windows 98 Qcow2 | 360p |

: Newer processors may cause Windows 98 to crash during setup. A common workaround involves switching the hard disk bus type to SATA in your VM manager to bypass standard IDE driver conflicts.

qemu-img convert win98se.qcow2 -O vmdk win98se.vmdk windows 98 qcow2

Force QEMU to use a single thread for V8086 mode: : Newer processors may cause Windows 98 to

#!/bin/bash qemu-system-x86_64 \ -cpu pentium2,mmx=on \ -m 384 \ -machine pc,accel=tcg \ -hda windows98_se.qcow2 \ -vga std \ -soundhw sb16 \ -netdev user,id=net0 -device ne2k_pci,netdev=net0 \ -usb -device usb-tablet \ -rtc base=localtime \ -global ide-hd.physical_block_size=512 \ -monitor stdio id=net0 -device ne2k_pci

qemu-system-i386 -m 64 -hda win98.qcow2 -cdrom win98se.iso -soundhw sb16 -vga cirrus -boot d

To make Windows 98 usable on modern hardware, these "features" are essential:

qemu-img convert -O qcow2 old_windows98_image.vmdk windows98.qcow2